Monoculturalism: In most Old World nations, notably with the exception of the UK [citation needed], culture is very closely linked to nationalism, thus government policy is to assimilate immigrants. These countries have policies aiming at the social integration of immigrant groups to the national culture. This is typical of nations that define themselves as one and indivisible and do not recognize the existence of other nations within their midst.
I'm thinking in PP's idea of Spain here...
Multiculturalism: a policy that immigrants and others should preserve their cultures with the different cultures interacting peacefully within one nation. Today, this is the official policy of Canada, Australia and the UK.
Particularism is exclusive devotion to one's own group's interests.
In discussions of multiculturalism, historian and educator Diane Ravitich draws a distinction between what she terms "pluralistic" and "particularistic" varieties. Other writers often blur or ignore this distinction; it is often difficult to discern whether advocacy for "diversity" or "multiculturalism" is intended to promote particularism or not. In some quarters, even to raise the issue is taboo.
In a long essay about multiculturalism in American education, Ravitch praises the inclusiveness of multicultural pluralism while decrying what she says as multiple flaws and failures of multicultural particularism. [1]
It makes me think about icons like the Spanish National Football Team and its slightly-racist head coach...
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